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口腔微生物群:一种结识邻居并成为朋友的生物学方法

Oral Microbiome: Getting to Know and Befriend Neighbors, a Biological Approach

Cecilia Bacali, Romana Vulturar  , Smaranda Buduru ,et al

Biomedicines 2022, 10, 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030671

Abstratract: The oral microbiome, forming a biofilm that covers the oral structures, contains a high number of microorganisms. Biofilm formation starts from the salivary pellicle that allows bacterial adhesion–colonization–proliferation, co-aggregation and biofilm maturation in a complex microbial community. There is a constant bidirectional crosstalk between human host and its oral microbiome. The paper presents the fundamentals regarding the oral microbiome and its relationship to modulator factors, oral and systemic health. The modern studies of oral microorganisms and relationships with the host benefits are based on genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Pharmaceuti- cals such as antimicrobials, prebiotics, probiotics, surface active or abrasive agents and plant-derived ingredients may influence the oral microbiome. Many studies found associations between oral dysbiosis and systemic disorders, including autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular, diabetes, cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. We outline the general and individual factors influencing the host–microbial balance and the possibility to use the analysis of the oral microbiome in prevention, diagnosis and treatment in personalized medicine. Future therapies should take in account the restoration of the normal symbiotic relation with the oral microbiome.

Keywords: biofilm; metabolomics; oral diseases; systemic diseases; genomics; Oral Microbiome Database; amyloid; immune responses; autoimmune disea


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